no, out of the box, you can't.
- master/slave design, as explained above, won't work (with the meaning of LDAP master/slave)
- if you want to populate Zentyal based on external LDAP server, you will have to write your own "synchronization" script
- relying on external LDAP server is not expected neither. This technical can obviously be done if you, again, hack Zentyal conf files. Perhaps a bit more than conf file if some specific attributes are read (because of Zentyal customized schema but for proxy (i.e. Squid) this should not be that difficult.
But in such a case, what is the added value of using Zentyal ?
Don't take me wrong. I perfectly understand your goal and furthermore I do share it.
However, nowadays, everyone looks at AD as the holy-grail and trie to be AD/Microsoft compliant as this is the largest part of the IT landscape. Zentyal does not make any exception
and your existing LDAP server scenario is clearly not taken in account (yet ?)